Auf Deutsch · En français · En español

Bread flour vs all-purpose flour

Bread flour has more protein than all-purpose flour, about 12 to 13% against roughly 10 to 12% for US brands. More protein means more gluten, so bread flour absorbs more water and gives a chewier, taller loaf. You can swap one for the other; adjust the water by a few percent.

Use bread flour for crusty, chewy, open loaves and high hydration. Use all-purpose for softer loaves, sandwich bread and rolls. All-purpose in a bread-flour recipe? Hold back 2 to 5% of the water. Bread flour in an all-purpose recipe? It may need a little more, as it absorbs slightly more.

Side by side

Protein varies by brand: King Arthur's all-purpose is about 11.7%, close to some bread flours. Check the bag. Hydration ranges for each are in the hydration chart.

Bread flour and all-purpose flour (US)
Bread flourAll-purpose
ProteinAbout 12 to 13%About 10 to 12%, by brand
Water it takesMoreLess
CrumbChewier, more openSofter, more tender
Best forSourdough, baguettes, bagelsSandwich bread, rolls, enriched dough

Swapping

All-purpose in a bread-flour recipe: hold back 2 to 5% of the water and add it only if the dough feels stiff; expect a slightly softer loaf. Bread flour in an all-purpose recipe: you may need a little more water. Both swaps are fine for most home bread. Recipes in cups? Use the cups to grams converter; the two flours weigh about the same per cup.

Vital wheat gluten

Adding vital wheat gluten raises all-purpose flour's strength toward bread flour, useful for whole grain loaves: King Arthur suggests a tablespoon or two per loaf, about 9 to 18 g. Count it as flour in baker's percentage.

Questions bakers ask

Can I use all-purpose flour instead of bread flour?

Yes. Hold back a little water and expect a softer, slightly less tall loaf.

Is bread flour better for sourdough?

It makes higher hydration and an open crumb easier, but many great sourdoughs use all-purpose.

Equipment for this job

Keep what you own when it does the job. These are the other exact models we profile.

As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. It never changes which equipment we recommend. How this site is funded. Amazon offers a free 30-day Prime trial, with free delivery on eligible items. Try Prime free .