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Baker's percentage explained

In baker's percentage every ingredient is a percentage of the flour you add, which is always 100%; the flour inside a levain is counted separately. A dough of 1,000 g flour, 750 g water, 20 g salt and 200 g levain is 100%, 75%, 2% and 20%. It lets you see a recipe's shape at a glance and scale it to any size.

To scale: add up the percentages (here 197%), divide the dough weight you want by that total, and you have the flour weight. For a 900 g loaf: 900 ÷ 1.97 = 457 g flour, then 343 g water, 9 g salt and 91 g levain.

A worked example

The loaf column is 900 ÷ 1.97 = 457 g flour, and every other line is that times its percentage. The calculator does this for any batch, number of loaves or target dough weight.

One sourdough formula, two sizes
IngredientBaker's %Batch (1,000 g flour)One 900 g loaf
Flour100%1,000 g457 g
Water75%750 g343 g
Salt2%20 g9 g
Levain (100% hydration)20%200 g91 g
Total197%1,970 g900 g

Formula percentages and overall percentages

The levain carries its own flour and water. In the example it adds 45.5 g of each to the 900 g loaf, so overall hydration is 388.5 ÷ 502.5 = about 77%, and the flour fermented in the levain (prefermented flour) is about 9% of all the flour. Recipes may quote either figure; the calculator shows both. See bread hydration.

Why bakers use it

It shows at a glance whether a recipe is wet or dry, salty or lean. It scales cleanly to any loaf, basket or pan: pick the dough weight from the banneton size chart or pan table, then divide by the total percentage.

Questions bakers ask

How do I calculate baker's percentage?

Divide each ingredient's weight by the weight of the flour you add and multiply by 100. Flour is always 100%. For overall hydration, add the levain's flour and water: in the example above, 850 g water over 1,100 g flour is about 77%.

Does starter count as flour in baker's percentage?

In the formula it is usually listed as its own ingredient. For overall hydration and salt, count its flour and water too.

What is 2% salt?

Salt at 2% of the flour weight: 10 g salt for 500 g flour, the usual amount for bread.

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